package DBIx::DBSchema;
use strict;
-use vars qw(@ISA $VERSION);
-#use Exporter;
-use Carp qw(confess);
-use DBI;
-use FreezeThaw qw(freeze thaw cmpStr);
-use DBIx::DBSchema::Table;
+use Storable;
+use DBIx::DBSchema::_util qw(_load_driver _dbh _parse_opt);
+use DBIx::DBSchema::Table 0.12;
+use DBIx::DBSchema::Index;
use DBIx::DBSchema::Column;
-use DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup::Unique;
-use DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup::Index;
+use DBIx::DBSchema::ForeignKey;
-#@ISA = qw(Exporter);
-@ISA = ();
+our $VERSION = '0.47';
+$VERSION = eval $VERSION; # modperlstyle: convert the string into a number
-$VERSION = "0.19";
+our $DEBUG = 0;
+
+our $errstr;
=head1 NAME
$schema = new_native DBIx::DBSchema $dsn, $user, $pass;
$schema->save("filename");
- $schema = load DBIx::DBSchema "filename";
+ $schema = load DBIx::DBSchema "filename" or die $DBIx::DBSchema::errstr;
$schema->addtable($dbix_dbschema_table_object);
This module implements an OO-interface to database schemas. Using this module,
you can create a database schema with an OO Perl interface. You can read the
schema from an existing database. You can save the schema to disk and restore
-it a different process. Most importantly, DBIx::DBSchema can write SQL
-CREATE statements statements for different databases from a single source.
+it in a different process. You can write SQL CREATE statements statements for
+different databases from a single source. You can transform one schema to
+another, adding any necessary new columns, tables, indices and foreign keys.
-Currently supported databases are MySQL and PostgreSQL. Sybase support is
-partially implemented. DBIx::DBSchema will attempt to use generic SQL syntax
-for other databases. Assistance adding support for other databases is
-welcomed. See L<DBIx::DBSchema::DBD>, "Driver Writer's Guide and Base Class".
+Currently supported databases are MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQLite. Sybase and
+Oracle drivers are partially implemented. DBIx::DBSchema will attempt to use
+generic SQL syntax for other databases. Assistance adding support for other
+databases is welcomed. See L<DBIx::DBSchema::DBD>, "Driver Writer's Guide and
+Base Class".
=head1 METHODS
schema that you wish to use with many different database engines. Although
primary key and (unique) index information will only be read from databases
with DBIx::DBSchema::DBD drivers (currently MySQL and PostgreSQL), import of
-column names and attributes *should* work for any database.
+column names and attributes *should* work for any database. Note that this
+method only uses "ODBC" column types; it does not require or use an ODBC
+driver.
=cut
sub new_odbc {
- my($proto, $dbh) = (shift, shift);
- $dbh = DBI->connect( $dbh, @_ ) or die $DBI::errstr unless ref($dbh);
+ my($proto, $dbh) = ( shift, _dbh(@_) );
$proto->new(
map { new_odbc DBIx::DBSchema::Table $dbh, $_ } _tables_from_dbh($dbh)
);
=cut
sub new_native {
- my($proto, $dbh) = (shift, shift);
- $dbh = DBI->connect( $dbh, @_ ) or die $DBI::errstr unless ref($dbh);
+ my($proto, $dbh) = (shift, _dbh(@_) );
$proto->new(
map { new_native DBIx::DBSchema::Table ( $dbh, $_ ) } _tables_from_dbh($dbh)
);
=item load FILENAME
-Loads a DBIx::DBSchema object from a file.
+Loads a DBIx::DBSchema object from a file. If there is an error, returns
+false and puts an error message in $DBIx::DBSchema::errstr;
=cut
sub load {
my($proto,$file)=@_; #use $proto ?
- open(FILE,"<$file") or die "Can't open $file: $!";
- my($string)=join('',<FILE>); #can $string have newlines? pry not?
- close FILE or die "Can't close $file: $!";
- my($self)=thaw $string;
- #no bless needed?
+
+ my $self;
+
+ #first try Storable
+ eval { $self = Storable::retrieve($file); };
+
+ if ( $@ && $@ =~ /not.*storable/i ) { #then try FreezeThaw
+ my $olderror = $@;
+
+ eval "use FreezeThaw;";
+ if ( $@ ) {
+ $@ = $olderror;
+ } else {
+ open(FILE,"<$file")
+ or do { $errstr = "Can't open $file: $!"; return ''; };
+ my $string = join('',<FILE>);
+ close FILE
+ or do { $errstr = "Can't close $file: $!"; return ''; };
+ ($self) = FreezeThaw::thaw($string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ unless ( $self ) {
+ $errstr = $@;
+ }
+
$self;
+
}
=item save FILENAME
=cut
sub save {
- my($self,$file)=@_;
- my($string)=freeze $self;
- open(FILE,">$file") or die "Can't open $file: $!";
- print FILE $string;
- close FILE or die "Can't close file: $!";
- my($check_self)=thaw $string;
- die "Verify error: Can't freeze and thaw dbdef $self"
- if (cmpStr($self,$check_self));
+ #my($self, $file) = @_;
+ Storable::nstore(@_);
}
=item addtable TABLE_OBJECT
Although the username and password are optional, it is best to call this method
with a database handle or data source including a valid username and password -
-a DBI connection will be opened and the quoting and type mapping will be more
-reliable.
+a DBI connection will be opened and used to check the database version as well
+as for more reliable quoting and type mapping. Note that the database
+connection will be used passively, B<not> to actually run the CREATE
+statements.
If passed a DBI data source (or handle) such as `DBI:mysql:database' or
`DBI:Pg:dbname=database', will use syntax specific to that database engine.
=cut
sub sql {
- my($self, $dbh) = (shift, shift);
- my $created_dbh = 0;
- unless ( ref($dbh) || ! @_ ) {
- $dbh = DBI->connect( $dbh, @_ ) or die $DBI::errstr;
- $created_dbh = 1;
+ my($self, $dbh) = ( shift, _dbh(@_) );
+ (
+ ( map { $self->table($_)->sql_create_table($dbh); } $self->tables ),
+ ( map { $self->table($_)->sql_add_constraints($dbh); } $self->tables ),
+ );
+}
+
+=item sql_update_schema [ OPTIONS_HASHREF, ] PROTOTYPE_SCHEMA [ DATABASE_HANDLE | DATA_SOURCE [ USERNAME PASSWORD [ ATTR ] ] ]
+
+Returns a list of SQL statements to update this schema so that it is idential
+to the provided prototype schema, also a DBIx::DBSchema object.
+
+Right now this method knows how to add new tables and alter existing tables,
+including indices. If specifically requested by passing an options hashref
+with B<drop_tables> set true before all other arguments, it will also drop
+tables.
+
+See L<DBIx::DBSchema::Table/sql_alter_table>,
+L<DBIx::DBSchema::Column/sql_add_column> and
+L<DBIx::DBSchema::Column/sql_alter_column> for additional specifics and
+limitations.
+
+The data source can be specified by passing an open DBI database handle, or by
+passing the DBI data source name, username and password.
+
+Although the username and password are optional, it is best to call this method
+with a database handle or data source including a valid username and password -
+a DBI connection will be opened and used to check the database version as well
+as for more reliable quoting and type mapping. Note that the database
+connection will be used passively, B<not> to actually run the CREATE
+statements.
+
+If passed a DBI data source (or handle) such as `DBI:mysql:database' or
+`DBI:Pg:dbname=database', will use syntax specific to that database engine.
+Currently supported databases are MySQL and PostgreSQL.
+
+If not passed a data source (or handle), or if there is no driver for the
+specified database, will attempt to use generic SQL syntax.
+
+=cut
+
+#gosh, false laziness w/DBSchema::Table::sql_alter_schema
+
+sub sql_update_schema {
+ my($self, $opt, $new, $dbh) = ( shift, _parse_opt(\@_), shift, _dbh(@_) );
+
+ my @r = ();
+ my @later = ();
+
+ foreach my $table ( $new->tables ) {
+
+ if ( $self->table($table) ) {
+
+ warn "$table exists\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+
+ push @r,
+ $self->table($table)->sql_alter_table( $new->table($table),
+ $dbh, $opt );
+ push @later,
+ $self->table($table)->sql_alter_constraints( $new->table($table),
+ $dbh, $opt );
+
+ } else {
+
+ warn "table $table does not exist.\n" if $DEBUG;
+
+ push @r, $new->table($table)->sql_create_table( $dbh );
+ push @later, $new->table($table)->sql_add_constraints( $dbh );
+
+ }
+
+ }
+
+ if ( $opt->{'drop_tables'} ) {
+
+ warn "drop_tables enabled\n" if $DEBUG;
+
+ # drop tables not in $new
+ foreach my $table ( grep !$new->table($_), $self->tables ) {
+
+ warn "table $table should be dropped.\n" if $DEBUG;
+
+ push @r, $self->table($table)->sql_drop_table( $dbh );
+
+ }
+
}
- my @r = map { $self->table($_)->sql_create_table($dbh); } $self->tables;
- $dbh->disconnect if $created_dbh;
+
+ push @r, @later;
+
+ warn join("\n", @r). "\n"
+ if $DEBUG > 1;
+
@r;
+
+}
+
+=item update_schema [ OPTIONS_HASHREF, ] PROTOTYPE_SCHEMA, DATABASE_HANDLE | DATA_SOURCE [ USERNAME PASSWORD [ ATTR ] ]
+
+Same as sql_update_schema, except actually runs the SQL commands to update
+the schema. Throws a fatal error if any statement fails.
+
+=cut
+
+sub update_schema {
+ #my($self, $new, $dbh) = ( shift, shift, _dbh(@_) );
+ my($self, $opt, $new, $dbh) = ( shift, _parse_opt(\@_), shift, _dbh(@_) );
+
+ foreach my $statement ( $self->sql_update_schema( $opt, $new, $dbh ) ) {
+ $dbh->do( $statement )
+ or die "Error: ". $dbh->errstr. "\n executing: $statement";
+ }
+
}
=item pretty_print
sub pretty_print {
my($self) = @_;
+
join("},\n\n",
map {
- my $table = $_;
- "'$table' => {\n".
+ my $tablename = $_;
+ my $table = $self->table($tablename);
+ my %indices = $table->indices;
+
+ "'$tablename' => {\n".
" 'columns' => [\n".
join("", map {
#cant because -w complains about , in qw()
# (also biiiig problems with empty lengths)
#" qw( $_ ".
- #$self->table($table)->column($_)->type. " ".
- #( $self->table($table)->column($_)->null ? 'NULL' : 0 ). " ".
- #$self->table($table)->column($_)->length. " ),\n"
+ #$table->column($_)->type. " ".
+ #( $table->column($_)->null ? 'NULL' : 0 ). " ".
+ #$table->column($_)->length. " ),\n"
" '$_', ".
- "'". $self->table($table)->column($_)->type. "', ".
- "'". $self->table($table)->column($_)->null. "', ".
- "'". $self->table($table)->column($_)->length. "', ".
- "'". $self->table($table)->column($_)->default. "', ".
- "'". $self->table($table)->column($_)->local. "',\n"
- } $self->table($table)->columns
+ "'". $table->column($_)->type. "', ".
+ "'". $table->column($_)->null. "', ".
+ "'". $table->column($_)->length. "', ".
+
+ ( ref($table->column($_)->default)
+ ? "\\'". ${ $table->column($_)->default }. "'"
+ : "'". $table->column($_)->default. "'"
+ ).', '.
+
+ "'". $table->column($_)->local. "',\n"
+ } $table->columns
).
" ],\n".
- " 'primary_key' => '". $self->table($table)->primary_key. "',\n".
- " 'unique' => [ ". join(', ',
- map { "[ '". join("', '", @{$_}). "' ]" }
- @{$self->table($table)->unique->lol_ref}
- ). " ],\n".
- " 'index' => [ ". join(', ',
- map { "[ '". join("', '", @{$_}). "' ]" }
- @{$self->table($table)->index->lol_ref}
- ). " ],\n"
- #" 'index' => [ ". " ],\n"
+ " 'primary_key' => '". $table->primary_key. "',\n".
+
+ #old style index representation..
+
+ (
+ $table->{'unique'} # $table->_unique
+ ? " 'unique' => [ ". join(', ',
+ map { "[ '". join("', '", @{$_}). "' ]" }
+ @{$table->_unique->lol_ref}
+ ). " ],\n"
+ : ''
+ ).
+
+ ( $table->{'index'} # $table->_index
+ ? " 'index' => [ ". join(', ',
+ map { "[ '". join("', '", @{$_}). "' ]" }
+ @{$table->_index->lol_ref}
+ ). " ],\n"
+ : ''
+ ).
+
+ #new style indices
+ " 'indices' => { ". join( ",\n ",
+
+ map { my $iname = $_;
+ my $index = $indices{$iname};
+ "'$iname' => { \n".
+ ( $index->using
+ ? " 'using' => '". $index->using ."',\n"
+ : ''
+ ).
+ " 'unique' => ". $index->unique .",\n".
+ " 'columns' => [ '".
+ join("', '", @{$index->columns} ).
+ "' ],\n".
+ " },\n";
+ }
+ keys %indices
+
+ ). "\n }, \n".
+
+ #foreign_keys
+ " 'foreign_keys' => [ ". join( ",\n ",
+
+ map { my $name = $_->constraint;
+ "'$name' => { \n".
+ " },\n";
+ }
+ $table->foreign_keys
+
+ ). "\n ], \n"
+
+ ;
+
} $self->tables
- ), "}\n";
+ ). "}\n";
}
-=cut
-
=item pretty_read HASHREF
+This method is B<not> recommended. If you need to load and save your schema
+to a file, see the L</load> and L</save> methods.
+
Creates a schema as specified by a data structure such as that created by
B<pretty_print> method.
sub pretty_read {
my($proto, $href) = @_;
+
my $schema = $proto->new( map {
- my(@columns);
- while ( @{$href->{$_}{'columns'}} ) {
+
+ my $tablename = $_;
+ my $info = $href->{$tablename};
+
+ my @columns;
+ while ( @{$info->{'columns'}} ) {
push @columns, DBIx::DBSchema::Column->new(
- splice @{$href->{$_}{'columns'}}, 0, 6
+ splice @{$info->{'columns'}}, 0, 6
);
}
- DBIx::DBSchema::Table->new(
- $_,
- $href->{$_}{'primary_key'},
- DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup::Unique->new($href->{$_}{'unique'}),
- DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup::Index->new($href->{$_}{'index'}),
- @columns,
- );
- } (keys %{$href}) );
-}
-# private subroutines
+ DBIx::DBSchema::Table->new({
+ 'name' => $tablename,
+ 'primary_key' => $info->{'primary_key'},
+ 'columns' => \@columns,
+
+ #indices
+ 'indices' => [ map { my $idx_info = $info->{'indices'}{$_};
+ DBIx::DBSchema::Index->new({
+ 'name' => $_,
+ #'using' =>
+ 'unique' => $idx_info->{'unique'},
+ 'columns' => $idx_info->{'columns'},
+ });
+ }
+ keys %{ $info->{'indices'} }
+ ],
+ } );
-sub _load_driver {
- my($dbh) = @_;
- my $driver;
- if ( ref($dbh) ) {
- $driver = $dbh->{Driver}->{Name};
- } else {
- $dbh =~ s/^dbi:(\w*?)(?:\((.*?)\))?://i #nicked from DBI->connect
- or '' =~ /()/; # ensure $1 etc are empty if match fails
- $driver = $1 or confess "can't parse data source: $dbh";
- }
+ } (keys %{$href}) );
- #require "DBIx/DBSchema/DBD/$driver.pm";
- #$driver;
- eval 'require "DBIx/DBSchema/DBD/$driver.pm"' and $driver;
}
+# private subroutines
+
sub _tables_from_dbh {
my($dbh) = @_;
- my $sth = $dbh->table_info or die $dbh->errstr;
- #map { $_->{TABLE_NAME} } grep { $_->{TABLE_TYPE} eq 'TABLE' }
- # @{ $sth->fetchall_arrayref({ TABLE_NAME=>1, TABLE_TYPE=>1}) };
- map { $_->[0] } grep { $_->[1] =~ /^TABLE$/i }
- @{ $sth->fetchall_arrayref([2,3]) };
+ my $driver = _load_driver($dbh);
+ my $driver_class = "DBIx::DBSchema::DBD::$driver";
+ $driver_class->tables($dbh);
}
=back
-=head1 AUTHOR
+=head1 AUTHORS
Ivan Kohler <ivan-dbix-dbschema@420.am>
Charles Shapiro <charles.shapiro@numethods.com> and Mitchell Friedman
<mitchell.friedman@numethods.com> contributed the start of a Sybase driver.
+Daniel Hanks <hanksdc@about-inc.com> contributed the Oracle driver.
+
+Jesse Vincent contributed the SQLite driver and fixes to quiet down
+internal usage of the old API.
+
+Slaven Rezic <srezic@cpan.org> contributed column and table dropping, Pg
+bugfixes and more.
+
+Nathan Anderson <http://1id.com/=nathan.anderson> contribued updates to the
+SQLite and Sybase drivers.
+
+=head1 CONTRIBUTIONS
+
+Contributions are welcome! I'm especially keen on any interest in the top
+items/projects below under BUGS.
+
+=head1 REPOSITORY
+
+The code is available from our public git repository:
+
+ git clone git://git.freeside.biz/DBIx-DBSchema.git
+
+Or on the web:
+
+ http://freeside.biz/gitweb/?p=DBIx-DBSchema.git
+ Or:
+ http://freeside.biz/gitlist/DBIx-DBSchema.git
+
=head1 COPYRIGHT
-Copyright (c) 2000 Ivan Kohler
+Copyright (c) 2000-2007 Ivan Kohler
Copyright (c) 2000 Mail Abuse Prevention System LLC
+Copyright (c) 2007-2017 Freeside Internet Services, Inc.
All rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.
-=head1 BUGS
+=head1 BUGS AND TODO
+
+Multiple primary keys are not yet supported.
+
+Foreign keys: need to support dropping, NOT VALID, reverse engineering w/mysql
+
+Need to port and test with additional databases
Each DBIx::DBSchema object should have a name which corresponds to its name
within the SQL database engine (DBI data source).
+Need to support "using" index attribute in pretty_read and in reverse
+engineering
+
+sql CREATE TABLE output should convert integers
+(i.e. use DBI qw(:sql_types);) to local types using DBI->type_info plus a hash
+to fudge things
+
+=head2 PRETTY_ BUGS
+
pretty_print is actually pretty ugly.
+pretty_print isn't so good about quoting values... save/load is a much better
+alternative to using pretty_print/pretty_read
+
+pretty_read is pretty ugly too.
+
+pretty_read should *not* create and pass in old-style unique/index indices
+when nothing is given in the read.
+
Perhaps pretty_read should eval column types so that we can use DBI
qw(:sql_types) here instead of externally.
+perhaps we should just get rid of pretty_read entirely. pretty_print is useful
+for debugging, but pretty_read is pretty bunk.
+
=head1 SEE ALSO
-L<DBIx::DBSchema::Table>, L<DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup>,
-L<DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup::Unique>, L<DBIx::DBSchema::ColGroup::Index>,
+L<DBIx::DBSchema::Table>, L<DBIx::DBSchema::Index>,
L<DBIx::DBSchema::Column>, L<DBIx::DBSchema::DBD>,
L<DBIx::DBSchema::DBD::mysql>, L<DBIx::DBSchema::DBD::Pg>, L<FS::Record>,
L<DBI>
projects / DBIx-DBSchema.git / blobdiff